利用ffmpeg搭建rtmp、hls流媒体搭建无人直播推流服务器
Nginx及nginx-rtmp-module安装
新建目录
mkdir /usr/local/nginx下载，如果nginx-rtmp-module下载不了，直接从这下载上传nginx-rtmp-module-master.zip
cd /usr/local/nginx
wget wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.21.6.tar.gz
wget https://codeload.github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/zip/master解压
tar -zxvf nginx-1.21.6.tar.gz
unzip nginx-rtmp-module-master.zip 安装nginx的一些模块依赖一些lib库，在安装nginx之前，须先安装这些lib库，依赖库主要有g++、gcc、openssl-devel、pcre-devel和zlib-devel 视情况执行如下命令安装。
sudo apt update
sudo apt install g++
sudo apt install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev
sudo apt install zlib1g zlib1g-dev
sudo apt install openssl libssl-dev安装nginx-rtmp-module模块
cd nginx-1.21.6
./configure --add-module=/usr/local/nginx/nginx-rtmp-module-master
make
sudo make install到这里nginx的模块安装完毕。继续下一步
配置及启动服务支持rtmp
修改配置文件：
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
vim nginx.conf#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
rtmp {
server {
listen 1935;
chunk_size 4096;
application vod {
play /usr/local/nginx/html/hls;
}
application live {
live on;
}
}
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
#fastdfs 将 /group1/M00 映射到 /usr/local/fastdfs/file/data
location /group1/M00 {
alias /usr/local/fastdfs/file/data;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}保存文件并退出编辑器（在 vim 中按 Esc，然后输入 :wq）。
管理nginx服务
cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin
./nginx #启动服务
nginx -s stop #管理服务http服务测试 http://127.0.0.1/或者你服务器的http://IP，显示这个页面说明nginx配置完成了。
配置支持hls
工作流程：
点播：准备好视频文件MP4，使用ffmpeg将其转成TS格式文件，然后继续使用ffmpeg将其切片并生成播放列表M3U8文件，将所得TS分 片与M3U8文件放到nginx服务器目录下，开启http服务器后，同一局域网内用手机输入网络地址可查看点播视频。
直播：使用VLC软件将视频以rtsp流的形式发出，使用ffmpeg接收这个rtsp流并实时切割到http服务器下，开启服务器后，同一局域网内用，手机输入网络地址可查看直播视频。
修改配置文件
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
vim mime.types
#在 application/zip zip; 这一行后面增加2行：
application/x-mpegURL m3u8;
application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;
在video/部分增加1行：
video/MP2T ts;完整的mime.types配置文件
types {
text/html html htm shtml;
text/css css;
text/xml xml;
image/gif gif;
image/jpeg jpeg jpg;
application/javascript js;
application/atom+xml atom;
application/rss+xml rss;
text/mathml mml;
text/plain txt;
text/vnd.sun.j2me.app-descriptor jad;
text/vnd.wap.wml wml;
text/x-component htc;
image/png png;
image/svg+xml svg svgz;
image/tiff tif tiff;
image/vnd.wap.wbmp wbmp;
image/webp webp;
image/x-icon ico;
image/x-jng jng;
image/x-ms-bmp bmp;
application/java-archive jar war ear;
application/json json;
application/mac-binhex40 hqx;
application/msword doc;
application/pdf pdf;
application/postscript ps eps ai;
application/rtf rtf;
application/vnd.ms-excel xls;
application/vnd.ms-powerpoint ppt;
application/vnd.wap.wmlc wmlc;
application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml kml;
application/vnd.google-earth.kmz kmz;
application/x-7z-compressed 7z;
application/x-cocoa cco;
application/x-java-archive-diff jardiff;
application/x-java-jnlp-file jnlp;
application/x-makeself run;
application/x-perl pl pm;
application/x-pilot prc pdb;
application/x-rar-compressed rar;
application/x-redhat-package-manager rpm;
application/x-sea sea;
application/x-shockwave-flash swf;
application/x-stuffit sit;
application/x-tcl tcl tk;
application/x-x509-ca-cert der pem crt;
application/x-xpinstall xpi;
application/xhtml+xml xhtml;
application/xspf+xml xspf;
application/zip zip;
# 只保留一个 m3u8 定义
application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;
# 添加的 ts 支持
video/MP2T ts;
# 其他 video 类型
video/mp4 mp4;
video/mpeg mpeg mpg;
video/quicktime mov;
video/webm webm;
video/x-flv flv;
video/x-msvideo avi;
video/x-ms-wmv wmv;
video/x-ms-asf asx asf;
video/x-mng mng;
video/x-matroska mkv;
}保存文件并退出编辑器（在 vim 中按 Esc，然后输入 :wq）。
安装ffmpeg
sudo apt install ffmpeg
ffmpeg -version #是否安装成功使用应用
cd /usr/local/nginx/html #进入nginx下面的文件夹
ffmpeg -y -i 1234.mp4 -vcodec copy -acodec copy -vbsf h264_mp4toannexb test.ts #把文件夹下下面的1234.mp4转换成test.ts
将ts切片并生成.m3u8的文件
ffmpeg -i test.ts -c copy -map 0 -f segment -segment_list playlist.m3u8 -segment_time 2 test%03d.ts
在vlc输入[ http://ip/playlist.m3u8]即可看到点播视频
解释：
.\video\test.ts 上一步输出的ts文件路径
-segment_list playlist.m3u8 指定输出m3u8文件路径--指定文件夹必须存在
-segment_time 5 指定秒数为每段ts文件的时长，由于关键帧的因素存在误差
-segment_list_entry_prefix 'localhost/video' 指定在m3u8文件中每个ts片段的网络或者本地绝对路径--可省略
D:\ffmpeg\video\test_%03d.ts 指定存放ts片段路径--指定文件夹必须存在
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